Danshui Plant No.2

Presentation DANSHUI Plant No. 2 is situated in southern China was an agreement producer that collected electronic items for organizations wishing to spare work costs. DANSHUI was getting a one-year contract with apple Inc. to amass 2. 4 million iPhones. It was extremely restless when in the initial three months of the agreement, the plant can't be collected the same number of as the normal and its working at a misfortune. The plant has experienced issues recruiting enough laborers in spite of raising wages to 35%.In expansion, the way toward gathering is perplexing and required primarily dependent on handwork by 325 specialists, with 140 stages including 100 segments during 5 days. The DANSHUI controller considers setting up a â€Å"flexible budget† whether it is increasingly valuable to assist them with recognizing the misconstruing their exhibition. Li likewise should break down the right now static spending plan have been utilized and set up a synopsis of month to month ta sks to recognize what turns out badly in their activities that add to the exhibition problems.If DANSHUI not investigated the wellsprings of issue and discover the options ways, it will add to incapacity in playing out the agreement and in the drawn out will prompt wastefulness of controlling the expense of materials, work and overhead. This is so as to give motivation to control all costs whether brought about by utilize squander, harm robbery or wasteful aspects. ISSUE/PROBLEM DANSHUI Plant has confronted a significant issue, that is attempting to illuminate the lack of creation line in the initial multi month and excessively found the Apple IPhone 4 agreement in the remainder of the nine month.As we can realize that subsequent to having report from the plant activity, DANSHUI Plant isn't meeting with the focused on creation line, with is deficiency about 10% from the focused on sum. In spite of the fact that DANSHUI figure out how to create up to 90% of the agreement, however the lack 10% has result DANSHUI to confront misfortune about $672,000 as opposed to benefit $100,000. For the initial multi month, DANSHUI have met the deficiency of 10%. Hence, DANSHUI Plant need to design a solid vital so as to find the Apple iPhone 4 agreement in the remainder of the nine month.If the agreement sum isn't reach during the finish of the agreement, DANSHUI Plant will bear a lot greater expense than income that will result misfortune to this plant. After investigation the circumstance, we additionally discover that work power and work cost have added to this issue as well. For the work cost, DANSHUI Plant has result over financial plan in labor cost. As contrast with the planned, this figure is higher but then the objective creation has not reached. By raise the work cost around 30%, DANSHUI Plant should build the creation line to cover the increment.And remember that, DANSHUI just has nine months leave. In spite of the fact that DANSHUI Plant raises the work cost every hour, except we can see this didn't help DANSHUI Plant to fathom the lack work power a lot. Since DANSHUI Plant was worked at the semi-talented work field, work cost is modest. DANSHUI Plant despite everything can't expand the quantity of work power required. The issue has added to the deficiency underway line for the initial three months. This is expected to DANSHUI Plant is overwhelming depend on handwork by labor.DANSHUI Plant raise the work value is to recruit the certified work power to push up the creation line. As we noticed that DANSHUI Plant has just nine months to guarantee everything in focused and furthermore spread the distinction at the mid three months. As the creation line depends on handwork, the segment import is simple harmed. Huge number of materials needs to supplant from that. Consequently a high talented level work powers can assist with decreasing this issue. Ideas AND STRATEGIESBefore continue with the methodologies or ideas, our gathering have examined the qualities and shortcomings of DANSHUI so as to know which procedure DANSHUI ought to go for. In light of the case, we realize that DANSHUI quality is they has had the chance to get contract from Apple in view of the trust and by having modest work cost that giving them a favorable position contrast with their rival. While the DANSHUI shortcomings is the work cost. DANSHUI wish to spare the work cost by paying their work short of what one dollar an hour.They likewise have issue in discovering enough qualified work to coordinate with their creation despite the fact that they have raised their processing plant compensation by practically 30% since July. This is the reason the plant can't collect the same number of telephones true to form and causes the working at a misfortune. To beat the issue with respect to the plant has performed so inadequately in the three back to back months, DANSHUI need to consider for vital idea to empower the issues can be distinguished and settled amicably .To accomplish this, DANSHUI can consider the breakeven investigation to decide when a business will have the option to cover every one of its costs and start to make a benefit. This earn back the original investment examination will demonstrates the measure of income that should get to cover the costs before a dime of benefit have been made. For instance, if DANSHUI can achieve and outperform their earn back the original investment point, which imply that on the off chance that they can undoubtedly get more than the measure of deals income they have to meet their costs, at that point their business has a decent potential for success of making money.To play out an equal the initial investment examination, DANSHUI need to make instructed surmises about their costs and incomes. Despite the fact that DANSHUI didn't have a precious stone ball, they ought to do some genuine examination including an investigation of their market so they can decide their anticipated deals volume and forese en costs. In light of the case, we realize that DANSHUI is right now utilizing the static spending plan to quantify their exhibition. Notwithstanding, issue has happened and the plant supervisor is thinking about utilizing adaptable spending plan to determine the problem.Flexible financial plan depends on various degrees of movement. It is an extremely valuable device for contrasting real costs experienced with the cost admissible for the action level accomplished. It is likewise changes the static spending plan for the real degree of yield. For instance, on the off chance that DANSHUI processing plant really produce 200,000 units, at that point administrations should look at real manufacturing plant costs for 200,000 units to what the plant ought to have spent to make 200,000 units, not to what the industrial facility ought to have spent to make 180,000 units or some other creation level.Furthermore, adaptable spending plan recognizes fixed and variable expense, subsequently taking into account a spending that can be consequently acclimated to the degree of action really accomplished. So, the adaptable financial plan gives a superior chance to arranging and controlling than does a static spending plan. Moreover, DANSHUI expected to apply the fluctuation investigation to quantify their business execution and to see how well a business is performing and furthermore how close real expenses and incomes are to anticipated expenses and revenues.In bookkeeping, a change is characterized as the distinction between the normal sum and the genuine measure of expenses or incomes. The motivation behind this point by point data is to help DANSHUI in figuring out what may have gone set in stone and to help the organization in future dynamic. Suggestion DANSHUI Company was in troublesome execution by utilizing standard expense planning framework outcomes of neglecting to accomplish the 200,000 unit for each month target. For the transient we prescribe DANSHUI to change from utilizing static spending framework to the adaptable planning framework for assessment process.Before this, Li was utilizing static spending framework to assess the activity execution, however the assessment are not looking at significant data when the genuine amount iPhone amass are contrast from the financial plan (180,000 unit versus 200,000 unit). By utilizing adaptable spending framework will help DANSHUI to contrast the outcome and flexible financial plan and the change show will increasingly exact show the activity execution. Utilizing the static spending show difference is horrible USD 772,000 contrast and USD 688,000 in adaptable financial plan system.Flexible spending frameworks likewise demonstrate the troublesome exhibition brought about by the change from variable cost which is USD 1,041,200. In this way can investigate and assess the shortcoming in controlling the variable cost which is streak memory, get together and bundling costs. In long haul period, DANSHUI need t o beat lack in talented laborer by purchase or lease a machine to supplanting the labor in get together the iPhone. In get together procedure will include 140 stages and practically all means depend on handwork and the laborer lack is a boundary to accomplish the target.With put resources into new machine, DANSHUI can decrease the handwork task however need to designate some gifted specialist to work the machine. Right off the bat, DANSHUI need to recognize which step in activity can supplant by machine. At that point, locate the important machine and examine the value versus esteem. On the off chance that they just need to utilize the machine for impermanent, it is better for DANSHUI to lease as opposed to purchase the machine. Other than that, DANSHUI can recruiting progressively gifted staff or increment the absolute staff to amass the 200,000 unit iPhone per month.DANSHUI must satisfy the agreement with delivering 2. 4 million out of one year for the great connection with Apple and for getting contract in future. Apple item likewise had great interest in current and future market, subsequently DANSHUI need to accept this open door to be the sub make for Apple. In process getting new staff, DANSHUI additionally should keep up their current staff in light of the fact that the current staff as of now gain involvement with multi month activity of gathering iPhone 4 by expanding reward system.After getting the adequate staffs, DANSHUI need to build the checking and controlling framework to diminish the reject item and furthermore fixing cost. End As to wrapping up the conversation, we realize that DANSHUI has experienced issues employing enough specialists in spite of raising wages to 35%. DANSHUI Plant has confronted a significant issue, that is attempting to unravel the lack of creation line in the initial multi month and excessively found t

How to Buy Essays Papers Online

How to Buy Essays Papers OnlineIf you're a student, you can buy essays papers online. But, it might sound like an easy task to find cheap essay writing, but, in fact, buying essays online can be difficult at times.There are many sellers out there who offer free essay samples for students to try before buying. Before you purchase a bulk quantity of essays, you should do some homework. First, ask questions to make sure the company you are dealing with is reputable. Many times, dishonest companies only want your money and you will have to be very careful when dealing with them.There are some places where you can get discount if you buy hundreds of essays for bulk purchases. The major problem that many students face is how to buy essays online. After searching for free sample essays for a while, they tend to become frustrated because they lose interest in these sample essays.There are some sites that offer the same idea for one fee. It may take a few weeks or months to find a good one bu t, if you look around, you will find a decent site that offers essays for sale.Once you have found a great essay site, you can then proceed to your own research for free essay samples. Usually, these websites offer a variety of topic, and the paper is more likely to be unique.Another option is to purchase essay papers from your local book store. The idea is to research the subjects in advance and then buy essay papers from the same sources that provide free samples.The choice of topics is up to you, so you need to consider the type of essay you want to write. Also, remember that most students write a draft first before getting into the real writing part. By doing this, you are more likely to get better quality paper.So, if you want to find a great cheap essay writer, take a few extra minutes to search online. You will find some excellent places that offer thousands of essays for sale.

Georges Clemenceau :: essays research papers

Georges Clemenceau Early Life: - Born on September 28th, 1841 in Vendee, France - Benjamin Clemenceau, his dad, was a supporter of the 1848 upset and was his son’s good example. - Georges grew up unequivocally putting stock in Republican perspectives. Training: - Trained to be a specialist. - Not much else is thought about his training and tutoring. Accomplishments: - With a gathering of understudies, he composed Le Travail. This was seized by the police and Georges gone through 73 days in jail. - After he was discharged, he began to compose a diary called Le Matin, yet then he got in a difficult situation with the specialists and had to stop. - After completing his clinical investigations, he went to proceed to live and New York. - He was astonished by the measure of opportunity that the individuals had, both strategically and socially. - Worked as an instructor in Stanford, Connecticut - Eventually wedded one of his understudies and had three kids. Be that as it may, the marriage didn't work out. - When he returned, he was chosen as a Radical Republican delegate in the National Get together. (1871) - Was reappointed to the National Assembly. (1876) - In 1902, he turned into a representative, and after four years, he was named clergyman of home undertakings. - Became Frances Prime Minister. (1907-1910) - Under the administration of Raymond Poincare, he was named Prime Minister for a second time. (1917-1920) - Was Minister of War in World War One. Significant Accomplishments: - He casted a ballot against harmony terms requested by Germany in 1871. - Because of his forceful discussing style, Clemenceau was given the moniker of â€Å"the Tiger†. - He heartlessly smothered any famous strikes and shows. As Prime Minister, he was set apart by his antagonistic vibe towards communists. - During WW1, he clasped down on government officials calling for harmony and rebuffed them. - Insisted that the French Army lead the hostile against the German Army in 1918. - Pushed the war overwhelmingly until the last triumph.

How to Win Scholarships with the Right Scholarship Essay Format

Follow All Scholarship Essay Format DirectionsFirst and foremost, your child needs to follow any instructions that are listed regarding the scholarship essay format. This includes aspects like word count, line spacing, font choice, and the use of headings.If an organization provides guidelines about the scholarship essay format, these are there to ensure everyone is competing at the same level AND to make sure your student can effectively follow directions.Failing to follow the rules about scholarship essay format can lead your child to be immediately disqualified, so these should always take precedence over personal preferences or standard guidelines regarding how letters are constructed.In many cases, requirements like word count, spacing, and font ensure that the scholarship committee can successfully review the anticipated number of submissions within the time they have available. And, typically, they wont make exceptions.For example, if an essay needs to be 300 words, the commit tee will likely be fine with submissions that arent exactly 300, as hitting a target that specific can be challenging. So, if your child submits a piece that is 297 or 304 words, that could be okay. However, if your student turns in a 400-word essay, theyll likely disqualify themselves from consideration. In the end, the closer to the target, the better. In our online course for students, we recommend always maximizing the word count by getting as close to the limit as possible but avoiding going over.Standard Scholarship Essay FormatSometimes, your child wont have many explicit instructions regarding the formatting of the piece. In these cases, following a standard scholarship essay format is ideal.Generally, this means creating a piece consisting of three or more paragraphs, with each paragraph being at least three sentences long. The introductory paragraph should contain a thesis statement that provides an overview of what will be discussed while the last paragraph should be dedi cated to a conclusion and reiterating the primary point.Any middle sections provide additional depth to the essay and typically represent the bulk of the content. However, in a standard scholarship essay format, each paragraph should focus on a single point that supports the larger thesis. When its time to cover a different point, another paragraph should be created, preferably leading off with transition sentence that creates a bridge between the previous point and the next.Scholarship Essay Format TipsWhen there isnt specific guidance, your child may struggle with certain formatting choices.To help them navigate tricky scholarship essay format decisions, here are some general tips:When not otherwise specified, your student should use a font size between 10 and 12 points.Arial, Calibri, Tahoma, Times New Roman, and Verdana fonts are typically considered the easiest to read and more professional, so your child one of those if a specific one isnt required.If there is a page requireme nt (such as when a scholarship committee requests a two-page essay), your student shouldnt use double spacing to meet the minimum unless it is explicitly requested. Otherwise, it may be perceived that your child is trying to take a shortcut. However, if there is no page minimum, 1.5 or double line spacing is acceptable.Your student can designate new paragraphs by either adding an extra blank line or by indenting the first line. However, they shouldnt do both.Make sure to set all paper margins to one inch.If the essay must be printed and mailed, use a high-quality paper and use an envelope that prevents your student from having to fold the document.This sounds crazy but some committees specifically state not to staple the materials. If thats the case, make sure not to staple them! Silly little things like this can lead to disqualifications (weve seen it..)Your child should always double (if not triple) check their scholarship essay for spelling or grammatical errors as these can sign ificantly hurt their chances of being selected.Keeping the Content on TargetAs your child writes their scholarship essays, its easy for them to drift off on a tangent. While they may find the additional details interesting, falling off target can be seen as them not following instructions, a lack of focus, or trouble with self-editing.When writing their scholarship essay, your student needs to ask themselves a few key questions, including:Can the scholarship committee follow what I am saying or the story Im telling?If I didnt know what the essay prompt was, could I reasonable ascertain it based on the content of this piece?Does the story focus on me (even when asked about role models) or do I spend too much time focusing on someone else?That third point can be especially tricky when an essay question is asking about role models or people whove influenced your childs life. While your student needs to touch on what they found inspiring about the person, they should spend the majority of the content talking about how they were moved/inspired/influenced and what that means for their lives. The rest can provide the necessary backstory and other details about their role model.Ultimately, the scholarship essay format and content need to provide a cohesive narrative that helps the judges learn about your child.If any part of the content doesnt stay on target, it needs to be adjusted or removed. This is especially true when there is a word count or page length requirement, as superfluous details may look like your student was trying to create filler content or fluff as a means of hitting the minimum.Reviewing the Essay We all know that scholarships are great. Being selected for an award means your child can pay less out of pocket for college while avoiding costly student loans and other debts. Typically, your student needs to write an essay for scholarship applications, and having the right scholarship essay format is critical.Often, students get distracted by the content requirements of the essay, so your child may neglect scholarship essay format details that can set them apart from the crowd (and help judges understand what they are trying to say!)To help your student reach the higher echelons of success, here are some scholarship essay format tips that can increase their odds of getting noticed for the right reasons. And if you are curious where to find scholarships that your child is actually eligible, you can learn more here.Follow All Scholarship Essay Format DirectionsFirst and foremost, your child needs to follow any instructions that are listed regarding the scholarship essay format. This includes aspects like word count, line spacing, font choice, and the use of headings.If an organization provides guidelines about the scholarship essay format, these are there to ensure everyone is competing at the same level AND to make sure your student can effectively follow directions.Failing to follow the rules about scholarship essay format can lead your child to be immediately disqualified, so these should always take precedence over personal preferences or standard guidelines regarding how letters are constructed.In many cases, requirements like word count, spacing, and font ensure that the scholarship committee can successfully review the anticipated number of submissions within the time they have available. And, typically, they wont make exceptions.For example, if an essay needs to be 300 words, the committee will likely be fine with submissions that arent exactly 300, as hitting a target that specific can be challenging. So, if your child submits a piece that is 297 or 3 04 words, that could be okay. However, if your student turns in a 400-word essay, theyll likely disqualify themselves from consideration. In the end, the closer to the target, the better. In our online course for students, we recommend always maximizing the word count by getting as close to the limit as possible but avoiding going over.Standard Scholarship Essay FormatSometimes, your child wont have many explicit instructions regarding the formatting of the piece. In these cases, following a standard scholarship essay format is ideal.Generally, this means creating a piece consisting of three or more paragraphs, with each paragraph being at least three sentences long. The introductory paragraph should contain a thesis statement that provides an overview of what will be discussed while the last paragraph should be dedicated to a conclusion and reiterating the primary point.Any middle sections provide additional depth to the essay and typically represent the bulk of the content. Howeve r, in a standard scholarship essay format, each paragraph should focus on a single point that supports the larger thesis. When its time to cover a different point, another paragraph should be created, preferably leading off with transition sentence that creates a bridge between the previous point and the next.Scholarship Essay Format TipsWhen there isnt specific guidance, your child may struggle with certain formatting choices.To help them navigate tricky scholarship essay format decisions, here are some general tips:When not otherwise specified, your student should use a font size between 10 and 12 points.Arial, Calibri, Tahoma, Times New Roman, and Verdana fonts are typically considered the easiest to read and more professional, so your child one of those if a specific one isnt required.If there is a page requirement (such as when a scholarship committee requests a two-page essay), your student shouldnt use double spacing to meet the minimum unless it is explicitly requested. Othe rwise, it may be perceived that your child is trying to take a shortcut. However, if there is no page minimum, 1.5 or double line spacing is acceptable.Your student can designate new paragraphs by either adding an extra blank line or by indenting the first line. However, they shouldnt do both.Make sure to set all paper margins to one inch.If the essay must be printed and mailed, use a high-quality paper and use an envelope that prevents your student from having to fold the document.This sounds crazy but some committees specifically state not to staple the materials. If thats the case, make sure not to staple them! Silly little things like this can lead to disqualifications (weve seen it..)Your child should always double (if not triple) check their scholarship essay for spelling or grammatical errors as these can significantly hurt their chances of being selected.Keeping the Content on TargetAs your child writes their scholarship essays, its easy for them to drift off on a tangent. W hile they may find the additional details interesting, falling off target can be seen as them not following instructions, a lack of focus, or trouble with self-editing.When writing their scholarship essay, your student needs to ask themselves a few key questions, including:Can the scholarship committee follow what I am saying or the story Im telling?If I didnt know what the essay prompt was, could I reasonable ascertain it based on the content of this piece?Does the story focus on me (even when asked about role models) or do I spend too much time focusing on someone else?That third point can be especially tricky when an essay question is asking about role models or people whove influenced your childs life. While your student needs to touch on what they found inspiring about the person, they should spend the majority of the content talking about how they were moved/inspired/influenced and what that means for their lives. The rest can provide the necessary backstory and other details about their role model.Ultimately, the scholarship essay format and content need to provide a cohesive narrative that helps the judges learn about your child.If any part of the content doesnt stay on target, it needs to be adjusted or removed. This is especially true when there is a word count or page length requirement, as superfluous details may look like your student was trying to create filler content or fluff as a means of hitting the minimum.Reviewing the EssayIdeally, your child should enlist the help of someone else, such as a trusted teacher, friend, or parent (like you!) to review their essays before they are submitted. Often, it is easier for a fresh set of eyes to catch errors that may be overlooked by the person who wrote the piece. Additionally, it can serve as confirmation that your student stayed on target and that everything feels cohesive when its reviewed by someone who hasnt created it (or even knows what the prompt was).Now, that doesnt mean you should assume yo ur child will want you to do the revisions. It can be tough to have writings as personal as scholarship essays read by family members, as it may make them feel vulnerable or uncomfortable. And, in the end, being able to write openly and honestly about their experiences can be the difference that sets them apart and helps them score scholarships.So, dont be afraid to offer your help, but, if your child says no, remember that thats okay. Just be there to support them through this journey and provide encouragement. In the end, that can make more of a difference in the long-term than taking a red pen to their essay ever could.What is the craziest essay prompt youve seen? Share it below!Did you find this helpful? If so, share it with your friends and family so they dont forget anything either.Related Articles:Make Scholarship Essays Stand Out by Avoiding These 4 Clichs3 Quick Tricks to Streamlining Your Scholarship Process

Aquinas Argument Of Motion - 1003 Words

Abstract Thomas Aquinas’ five ways are his arguments of the five proofs that God exists in some form, these five ways have standard abjections. The arguments are named as follows: argument from motion, arguments from causation, arguments from contingency, argument from gradations of goodness, and the argument of governance. These are Aquinas’ theories of why things change, whatever is changing is being changed by something else. Maxwell Swartz Professor Vincent McCoige Philosophy 110 17 October 2017 Aquinas’ Argument of Motion Thomas Aquinas’ five ways prove that God exists in some form, his argument that God exists through motion is a sound theory that he created. There are objections†¦show more content†¦Objections to this argument state there is a contradiction within the argument. â€Å"Since nothing can move itself, an object can only move if its potential to move is activated by something outside of it. For example, water has the potential to freeze if the air temperature lowers enough to act upon the water and freeze it. But water can’t just turn into ice by itself. Likewise, the air that freezes water has a potential to become colder if something else acts upon it (trenthorn.com)†. Something that has potential to move can be actually moved. This argument gives the concept that God is pure actuality, if God is indeed pure actuality then there is no potential for God to be any different from what he already is. Without a first mover there can be no motions, this is Aquinas’ third arguments as to god existing through motion. Nothing can move itself. In other words, if you take away something that can actually be moved then you’re also taking away anything that can potentially be moved. For example, there is no milk without a cow. â€Å"the reason a student has the potential to be awake is that he had (actual) toast for breakfast. Toast has the potential to keep the student awake. But (actual) bread has the potential to become toast, and actual grain has the potential to become bread. Actual water, dirt, and air have the potential to become grain. To take away any of these actualities is ultimately to take away the potential for the student to be alert†Show MoreRelatedAquinas’ has five proofs fo r Gods existence. His first proof is an argument from motion. Nothing600 Words   |  3 PagesAquinas’ has five proofs for Gods existence. His first proof is an argument from motion. Nothing can move itself unless it was placed into motion. His second proof is an argument from efficient causes. We experience a series of efficient causes of things. I didn’t exist to my prior existence. Nothing before exists. Nothing can be caused by itself. The third proof is the argument from possibility and necessity. We find natural things that are possible to be and not to be. Things come in and out ofRead MoreAristotle s Five Ways Of The Existence Of God1354 Words   |  6 PagesMedieval philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas, who is most famously known for combining principles of faith and reason into a philosophy known as Thomism. The â€Å"five ways† of proofing the existence of God, which is Article three, of Question 2, of part I, of his â€Å"Summa Theologià ¦Ã¢â‚¬ , give s five different ways of proofing the existence of God. In this essay, the five ways of Aquinas will be explained. The first way of proofing the existence of God is an argument based on motion. Aquinas notes that our senses awareRead MoreThe Cosmological Argument643 Words   |  3 PagesThe Cosmological Argument An important argument to try and prove the existence of God is the Cosmological Argument brought on by observations of the physical universe, made by Saint Thomas Aquinas, a thirteenth century Christian philosopher. The cosmological argument is a result from the study of the cosmos; Aquinas borrows ideas from Aristotle to make this systematically organized argument. Aquinas’ first point begins with the observation that everything is moving. Aquinas’ says that everythingRead MoreSuccess of Aquinas’s Cosmological Argument872 Words   |  4 PagesAquinas’s cosmological argument is a posteriori argument that Aquinas uses to prove the existence of God. Aquinas argues that, â€Å"Nothing can move itself, so whatever is in motion must be put in motion by another, and that by another again. But this causal loop cannot go on to infinity, so if every object in motion had a mover, there must be a first mover which is the unmoved mover, called God.† (Aquinas, Question 2, Article 3). I do agree with Aquinas’s cosmological argument in proving the existenceRead MoreExplain the Strengths and Weaknesses of Aquinas Cosmological Argument1203 Words   |  5 Pagesa) Explain the strengths and weaknesses of Aquinas’ cosmological arguments. The cosmological argument is an a posteriori argument based on the question of the relation of the universe’s existence and God’s existence. This argument focuses on the theory that if the universe exists then something must have caused it to existence, ie. A God or Creator. Supporters of this argument claim that to fully comprehend the existence of the universe, one must rely on a theory of a God however critics wouldRead MoreThe Five Ways Of The Existence Of God1557 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Aquinas (1225-1274). We cannot prove that God exists, merely by considering the word God, for that strategy work, we would have to presume to know God s essence. According to Aquinas, the existence of God can be proved. This paper will discuss what each of the five ways are that Thomas Aquinas introduced to show the existence of God. The Argument from Change: To begin with, one way to prove that God exists is to contemplate the fact that natural things are in motion. According to Aquinas, a firstRead MoreCritique on Whether God Exists Essay837 Words   |  4 Pagesrecorded history have pondered the question of whether God exists. One such philosopher, Saint Thomas Aquinas, put forth his own theory on the existence of God. In his text â€Å"Whether God Exists†, he stated that through his five arguments he could prove God’s existence. His five arguments are from motion, from first efficient cause, from possibility and necessity, from gradation, and from design. Aquinas begins his text with two objections as to why God does not exist. The first states that God doesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Five Ways By Thomas Aquinas1298 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Aquinas wrote, â€Å"The Five Ways† from Summa Theologica and is said to be the greatest theologian. In this reading, Aquinas gives his five arguments in regard to Gods existence and shows how philosophy and religion intertwine with one another. The Argument from change, causation, contingency, degrees of excellence, and harmony are all are Aquinas reasonings towards the proof of Gods existence. Aquinas first argument for God’s existence comes from the argument of change or motion. In this argumentRead MoreEssay on Anselm and Aquinas: on the Existence of God1029 Words   |  5 Pagessay He is. Both Anselm and Aquinas address this question: Anselm in his Proslogion and Aquinas in his Summa Theologica. The opinions of Anselm and Aquinas as to the nature of God are the same, although Anselm lacks the proof to back up his claims. In the Proslogion, Anselm states that God is something greater that which we can conceive of nothing. This very confusing statement, which is likely illogical in itself, is the center of Anselms illogical argument, and something that I willRead MoreThe Existence Of Saint Thomas Aquinas And Ren?ï ¿ ½ Descartes1460 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophers have attempted to prove God’s existence: Saint Thomas Aquinas and Renà © Descartes. Despite having been influenced by the former, Descartes’ arguments––while similar to Aquinas’––are reached through noticeably different methods. To analyze Aquinas’ proof for God’s existence, it is important to first analyze his definition of God––or â€Å"How We Know God†Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ¢â‚¬â€œ as outlined in the Summa of Theology (Qu. 12). Simply put by Aquinas, â€Å"[God] is (1) the cause of all, and that creatures differ from him

Machiavelli s The Prince By Niccolo Machiavelli - 1943 Words

Niccolà ² Machiavelli’s The Prince is a book that examines the qualities and strategies required for a ruler in order to maintain power. Despite being composed in the 16th century, the ideas presented are applicable even to mythical kings from texts over a thousand years ago. Throughout the story of Seneca’s Oedipus, substantial connections could be made between Oedipus and The Prince’s ideas of rule, such as methods in acquiring principalities, channeling subjects’ fear, the use of cruelty and controlling circumstance. In this essay, I will first talk about these ideas presented in The Prince, then suggest how Machiavelli might evaluate the character, strategies, leadership, and fortunes of Seneca’s Oedipus. Based on these four factors, I†¦show more content†¦But I did unlash the knot of her enigma’s webbed deceit, the grimly riddling song of the winged beast. Jocasta: †¦. Thebes’ scepter was your prize for glorious deeds, your payment for destruction of the Sphinx. (Seneca 203) Machiavelli might assess that Oedipus obtains his kingship of Thebes by solving the Sphinx’s riddle with his wits and wisdom. In spite of the danger he faces, he does not shy away from the opportunity of saving the city. Although Oedipus experiences great difficulty in attaining power, Machiavelli would have faith in his ability to maintain it, because Oedipus acquires his principality through his own arms and ability. Furthermore, Machiavelli presents ideas about the qualities that rulers should have in order to avoid contempt in Chapter XIX: What will make him despised is being considered inconstant, frivolous, effeminate, pusillanimous and irresolute†¦ He should contrive that that his actions should display grandeur, courage, seriousness and strength. (Machiavelli 64) In fact, Jocasta echoes these ideas in her advice to Oedipus as he is confronted with the plague: Being king, I think, means this: coming to grips with what confronts you. The harder it is to stand, the more power’s burden slips and slides, the more determinedly you must take your stand. Be brave!Show MoreRelatedNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince1719 Words   |  7 PagesMachiavelli’s, The Prince, a book written by Niccolà ² Machiavelli, is a read that most people wouldn’t prefer to read as a first option but in defense to Niccolo, it brings out many themes such as Goodwill and Hatred, Free will, and Human Nature. â€Å"It is known from his personal correspondence that The Prince was written during 1513, the year after the Medici took control of Florence, and a few months after Machiavelli s arrest, torture, and banishment by the Medici regime† (Bio.com). The novel wasRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince892 Words   |  4 PagesNiccolà ² Machiavelli wrote The Prince with the sole purpose of impressing the Medici family and getting on the good si de of the new ruler of Florence, Lorenzo di Piero de’ Medici. By writing this â€Å"handbook to ruling,† Machiavelli hoped to sway the Medici to accept him as an ally and possible political advisor. He was extremely convincing as he used examples from the past as a â€Å"political lesson† to further distinguish his ideas as correct. By seeing the successes and failures of those in power, MachiavelliRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince2212 Words   |  9 Pages Niccolà ² Machiavelli was an Italian diplomat, politician, writer and philosopher who lived during the Renaissance period. He was a significant contributor to modern political science, specifically in the field of political ethics. He wrote his most famous work, The Prince, after the Medici family had returned to power and he was removed from the political scene. The devious and corrupt sort of politicians he describes in The Prince serve as the inspiration for the now commonplace term â€Å"MachiavellianRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince879 Words   |  4 Pages Machiavelli wrote The Prince in 16th-century. His methods of acquiring and maintaining rule over people are not relevant in today’s modern American society. There are many principles that are still true in politics today, but the methods of ruling can no longer be used in American society today. Niccolà ² Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy in 1496. He was a diplomat in Italy s Florentine Republic for fourteen years. This was during the Medici family exile, and when they returned, MachiavelliRead MoreAn Analysis Of Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince 941 Words   |  4 PagesNiccolo Machiavelli and Karl Marx developed theories concerning wealth and poverty in our society, as well as different types of governments. For instance, Machiavelli supported a capitalist economic system, unlike Marx, who embraced socialism in the society. Machiavelli wrote a book The Prince that explained how to be an effective leader. The theme of the book is the end justifies the means. A person could or should do whatever is necessary to achieve the desired goal. According to MachiavelliRead MoreSummary On Niccolo Machiavelli s The Prince 1109 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment - April 19, 2015 Niccolà ² Machiavelli’s The Prince and Ian Johnston’s Lecture on Machiavelli’s The Prince Niccolà ² Machiavelli, a Florentine, lived between the years of 1469-1527. In 1513, Machiavelli wrote The Prince and gifted it to the Medici family with the original title of About Principalities. He first dedicated the work to Giuliano de’ Medici and later to Lorenzo de’ Medici. It was a political critique that was later printed under the title of The Prince in 1532. The treatise wasRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince1293 Words   |  6 PagesBy many, Niccolà ² Machiavelli is infamous for being one of the most controversial political philosophers during the period of 1494-1564. Machiavelli is a realist whose lack of idealistic optimism is the root of his cynicism towards human nature and human weakness. He is a perpetuator of the idea that â€Å"the means justifies the end.† Although an ample amount of individuals criticize his principles, many rational thinkers embrace the political realities he so adamantly acquaints his readers with in hisRead M oreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince854 Words   |  4 Pages Niccolà ² Machiavelli’s The Prince has been both praised and reviled since its publication. In particular, the book’s seventeenth chapter, â€Å"Of Cruelty and Clemency, and Whether it is Better to be Loved or Feared,† controversially posits that an effective leader ought to value being feared over being loved (Machiavelli 43). Though many have questioned the veracity of Machiavelli’s claim, an examination of some of the world’s most effective leaders shows that they led through fear. Alexander the GreatRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince1465 Words   |  6 PagesNiccolà ² Machiavelli had a very negative view when it came to the nature of humans. He made the weakness of human nature the central message of all his writings. Machiavelli’s mannerist cynicism about human weakness came about from wounded idealism, for life had taught him that his early optimism was wrong. In m ost of his writings, he is meaning for human nature to restore sanity to a world that he believed to have gone mad. Machiavelli’s most enduring contribution that left the strongest imprintRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince864 Words   |  4 PagesNiccolo Machiavelli, was an Italian diplomat and writer, born on May 3rd, 1469 in Florence, Italy. In his younger years, Niccolo became a diplomat after the downfall of the Medici family in 1494. Machiavelli earned the reputation of vicious since he enjoyed tormenting his associates. In 1512, the Medici family came to power once again and Machiavelli was accused of conspiracy thus was tortured, jailed and nonetheless banished from getting involved in politics and from Florence (Niccolo Machiavelli

The Transition Student To Graduate Nurse free essay sample

The new graduate nurses (NGN) are faced with various issues and challenges especially in their first year of nursing practice. The period of transition from a student to a graduate nurse is a demanding period that is filled with new experiences and there are several concerns and factors that can affect the transition process. The research into the issues has recommended some strategies that can be utilised to ease the transition process from being a student to a professional practicing nurse. Exhaustion, reality shock and time management are some of the factors and issues that the new graduate might encounter during their first year in their career. There are several recommended programs, which have been developed to address the issues that influence the transition period such as mentoring, support networks and time management planners. This essay will discuss in detail the range of issues, as well as the strategies and resources to facilitate the adjustment to the new role of a new registered nurse. Romyn et al. (2009) states some factors that influence the transition period from a student to a graduate nurse and how quickly newly graduate nurses are able to demonstrate mastery of their new role including personal qualities of the individual registered nurse such as age, previous work experience, maturity and aspirations. It was found that students who have worked as nursing assistants seemed to do better in their role as they had early hands-on experience. Other factors include the quality of educational preparation received during their pre-registration nursing program and the period of clinical experiences. Also, the duration and quality of transition programs for new graduates which is provided by institutions of employment, the attitudes and behavior of the more experienced nurses in employing institutions as well as the demands been placed on the registered nurse in clinical situations (Chang Daly, 2012). Fink, Krugman, Casey and Goode (2008) found that the transition of graduate nurses from a student into a professional practice setting is a concern, which is long-standing and widely recognised as a period of stress, reality shock and role adjustment. This is often due to the fact the students are been observed by a nurse when performing clinical tasks. Once the student graduates, they experience reality shock, when they try to adjust to their new role. Reality shock is a term used to describe a gap between what the students are taught to expect, and what is actually experienced during their early stages of work and often the shock occurs when the new graduate nurses discover it difficult to integrate the knowledge obtained in the university into their daily professional practice. Moreover they discover there is a theory- practice gap as the theory they have been taught in lectures differs to the theory required in a clinical setting (Vieira da Silva et al. , 2010). Duchscher (2008) states that the discrepancies between what graduates understand as nursing from the real world of delivery of health care service compared to their education leaves the new nursing graduates with a sense of groundlessness. The nursing environment moves the new graduates away from the nursing practice adopted in their educational process towards a more productive, efficient and achievement-oriented context that places importance on institutionally imposed social goals which leads to role ambiguity and internal conflict. Duclos-Miller (2011) identified that role stress, role overload and role ambiguity all contribute to transition issues. Role stress is the incongruence between perceived expectations, role and achievements, which occurs due to the status change from a student to graduate nurse. Furthermore, difficulty experienced from the challenges of the new role, such as lack of consistent and clear information about the behavior expected from them, lack of clearly specified responsibilities, lack of confidence, as well as coping with the beginning level of competence as a registered nurse (Duclos-Miller, 2011). Role ambiguity is the lack of information needed for role definition and behavior that is expected in their new role, which includes the psychological, social aspects of role performance. Whereas, role overload includes learning of new roles, difficulty with time management and prioritising task. Also other stressors include the feeling of not being competent, encountering new procedures and situations, fear of making mistakes due to increased workload and working with experienced staff nurses that are unwilling to assist (Duclos-Miller, 2011). West, Ahern, Byrnes and Kwanten (2007) indicate that the new graduate nurses may have not worked full-time in the past; given that graduate nurses begin their career with a full-time job can lead to exhaustion. It was discovered that shift work leads to desynchronisation of physiologically determined circadian rhythms which has a major psychobiology effect and it is commonly perceived the effects of shift work contribute to graduate nurses attrition rate. The NGNs often have a high level of stress due to disturbed sleeping patterns, as they find to adaption to shift work or rotating work hours difficult. Eventually, it leads to feelings of lack of job satisfaction, exhaustion and spending of less time with their friends and family, which can eventually could lead to burnout (West et al. , 2007). Dyess and Sherman (2009) found that new graduate nurses expressed concerns about their ability to delegate and supervise other nurses or unlicensed assistive personnel as they felt unprepared to deal with any type of conflict, they tend to avoid any type of situation rather than confront the situation, as they felt unequipped to explore to conflict professionally. Another issue encountered by the NGN is the ability to communicate with physicians and other members of the multidisciplinary team of which interactions with physicians were a source of anxiety and stress. Moreover, the lack of professional confidence that new graduate may feel can be heightened, when another professional expresses disgust or uses a gruff tone. This is a safety issue because a sense of insecurity can contribute to the NGN avoiding contact with the physician, unless a patient experiences an extreme physiological decline (Dyess Sherman, 2009). Morrow (2009) states that most graduate nurses experience horizontal violence in their first year of practice, they felt undervalued and neglected by other nurses and experienced rude and humiliating verbal statements and unjust criticism. The most common form of horizontal violence was in form of psychological harassment, which includes intimidation, exclusion, and innuendos. The cumulative impact may lead to absenteeism and frustration that may lead to the consideration of leaving the nursing profession (Morrow, 2009). In order for the factors and issues that surround the transition from a student to a graduate nurse to be addressed, certain strategies needs to be implemented that can ease the transition period. An Important strategy that can be implemented to assist the graduate nurses to assimilate into a professional working environment is a graduate program. It will aid to build the confidence of the new graduate nurse through the provision of support and mentorship during their period of adjustment, and assist the new nurse to assimilate into the hospital environment, think critically and problem solve which will allow the graduates to deal with obstacles encountered in patient care and prepare them for a lifelong learning and also help them in the integration of theory to practice (Davey Vittrup, 2009). The creation of formal preceptor and mentorship is an effective strategy to facilitate a successful transition. A preceptor is an assigned role in which a capable employee assists with the development and orientation of the new graduate; they are usually responsible for evaluation and supervising the work of the preceptee. However, a mentor actively supports the graduate nurse with personal and career development, personal support, counseling and acceptance. Also, they help the novice nurse to raise their confidence and recognise their limitations. In addition, mentors help novice nurses in setting realistic goals by recommending appropriate courses of action (Ellis Hartley, 2012). NGN require resources and information that are designed to facilitate their adjustment in a clinical area, which will enable them to gain skills and knowledge to perform satisfactorily in their job. Resources such as an orientation program involves the induction of a NGN to the organisational mission and vision statement, as well as an introduction to the procedures and policies related to nursing activities such as medication administration. An appropriate orientation and induction program will ensure that a NGN can safely plan and conduct patient care. In addition, with an appropriate orientation program the NGN is aware of the overall culture of the hospital, which can make the NGN to feel accepted and part of a team in a clinical environment, which can promote overall positive outcomes with workplace satisfaction of the NGN (Burgess D’ Hondt, 2007). Effective strategies that enhance the time management skills which is one of the above mentioned issue for new graduates are to arrive to work much earlier, avoiding distractors such as focusing on issues of co-workers, assess patients to note if any extra supplies will be needed to carry out clinical procedures, keeping shift record on track and to chart during the shift and not at the end of the shift and prioritise task to be performed (Booth, 2011). However, to prioritise task the novice nurse needs to learn how to delegate. First, to enhance the skill the nurse should consider how others have delegated to them, consider their body language when delegating by maintaining eye contact, being pleasant and leave any room for suggestions, but ensure they are not intimidated by writing a list of task and posting it at the nurses station, it leaves little room for a misunderstanding (Cherry Jacob, 2008). Debrief is a form of retrospective analysis of critical incidents that are encountered in nursing, it is a critical incident-reduction technique that incorporates, structured phases of group discussion. It enables the NGN to learn from their mistakes. Debriefing sessions provides NGN with access to peer support and allows the individual to reevaluate a situation in a different perspective, which can enhance a new graduates learning opportunity and is also an effective way to reduce stress and anxiety in a NGN (Cant Cooper, 2011). According to West et al. (2007) exhaustion as the result of shift work is common amongst new graduate nurses, strategies that can be utilised to lessen the effects of stress encountered as a result of a new graduate trying to adapt to shift work is to incorporate shift work into the clinical placements of an undergraduate nursing degree to enable new graduate nurses to be prepared for the effects of shift work in order for an effective work and sleep schedule to be determined and also a negotiation with their intended workplace to achieve the best possible outcomes for the both parties (West et al. , 2007). The strategies for responding to horizontal violence should be part of a new graduate orientation program as NGN are unlikely to be prepared to react appropriately to acts of horizontal violence. Specific information such as scripted responses for the NGN to use when a scenario is encountered and an opportunity should be provided for role-play and practice (Dyess Sherman, 2009). Parker, Gilles, Lantry and McMillian (2012) states that new graduates are less likely to be bullied or experience horizontal violence, when they have access to a workplace with empowering structures such as access to resources, information, support, strong work alliances, job discretion and the opportunities to learn and grow. The transition from a student to a graduate nurse can be a stressful and difficult time in the career of a graduate nurse. However, several factors have been mentioned that can impact on how the NGN can cope during the period of transition. The implementation of research strategies that has proven to be effective in easing the transition of a student to a graduate nurse can be utilised to counteract the factors and issues that are encountered during the transition period. The provision of adequate support and incorporation of effective strategies in organisations, the problems and issues of the NGN can be resolved and all NGN will experience a positive transition process which can facilitate a positive adjustment to their employment as a registered nurse.

ZARA Fast Fashion

Table of Contents Inditex (Industria de Diseà ±o Textil) Strength of Inditex Weaknesses and challenges Coping with managing multi-chain stores Should it start up or add more chains Conclusion Reference Inditex (Industria de Diseà ±o Textil) Inditex, a global retail specialty, manufactured and sold accessories, footwear and apparel for men, women and children. These products were distributed and sold through Zara and other five chains linked to it in other parts of the world. Inditex was located in Spain and was the owner of Zara and other five apparel retailing chains and was founded by Amancio Ortega Gaona.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on ZARA: Fast Fashion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 2001, as it was coming to the end of its fiscal year, it had accomplished much. For instance, it had acquired a selling space around the world including Spain, an area of about 659,400 square meters and on it operate d 1284 stores. In addition, it generated 54% of total revenue of â‚ ¬ 3,250 million in the 515 stores it had outside Spain and showed a continued trajectory of rapid and profitable growth from Zara and its other chains with a net income amounting to â‚ ¬340 million (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Inditex had many employers who worked both in Spain and in other retailing chains outside Spain. Its total number of employees was 26,784 and out this number, 10,919 employees worked in the retail chains located outside Spain. Over 76% of Inditex employees were women and put together with men, they had an average year of 26. Additionally, the company had split its employees to work in different departments and sections. For instance, 8.5% of the employees worked in the distribution, logistics, design and manufacturing departments while over 80% were doing retail sales in the stores. The remaining activities were carried out by the small group that worked in the headquarters. To maintain its operations, Inditex split its capital expenditure giving 80% to new store openings, 10% on maintenance or logistics and another 10% on refurbishing (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Its working capital was higher in some season in the year and lower in others. Therefore, to deal with these issues, it had to come up with plans to tightly manage its working capital and its capital expenditure which was â‚ ¬50-510 million.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Also, it ensured that it had opened 230-275 new stores with the capital across all chains. It is important to note that in 2001, Inditex operating economics had involved operating margins of 22%, operating expenses with a revenue equivalence of 30%, of which one half of the 30% were related to personnel, and a gross margin of 52% (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Moreover, Inditex operated six retailing chains at the beginning of 2002. The r etail chains were Zara, Oysho, Stradivarius, Bershka, Pull Bear and Massimo Dutti. These retailing chains formed 60 companies consolidated into Inditex at the group level. The remaining chains were involved in finance, real estates, logistics, manufacturing, and textile purchasing. The net income of Inditex generated 82% from internal transfer pricing and other policies. The six retailing chains were organized as separate business units together with six support areas dealing with raw materials, logistics, manufacturing plant, real estate and so on. In addition to the separate business units, Inditex had nine corporate departments each operating independently with its own strategy personnel, financial results, image, distribution, and manufacturing system. The group management was to set strategic vision of the group, provide them with administrative services and coordinate the activities of the concept. Inditex ensured that coordination had been increased particularly in the areas of expansion and real estate. Also, it formulated plans to open up other chain stores in other locations with Zara helping to accelerate the process of expansion of new chain stores in other areas. Oysho, one of Inditex’s chain stores drew 75% of its resources from other chains and within 6 months it had come to operate stores in seven markets in different parts of Europe (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Also, top corporate managers of Inditex came up with strategic plan to control their performances, run the chains, approve business strategic of the individual chain and control the business. Inditex had a major scope in production than the three retailers. However, the competitors of Inditex outsourced all their production. It is important to know the strength and the weaknesses of the three strong competitors of Inditex.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on ZARA: Fast Fashion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To be gin with, The Gap’s level of apparel production was internationalized as it outsourced 90% of its production from outside the US. It was founded in 1969 and between 1980 and 1990 it had achieved great profitability from selling smart casual work clothes and collections of jeans and T-shirts. Its major operations were based in the United States. Secondly, Inditex faced stiff competition from Hennes and Mauritz (HM). This was a high performing retailer in apparel founded in Sweden. It performed better than Zara in terms of industry standards. By 1990, it had generated more than a half its sale outside Sweden through internationalizing its operations. In addition, HM outsourced to the suppliers in Europe half the sale of all its production. It was strategic in its approach to business getting into one country at a time and starting a center that dealt with distribution focusing on the northern part of Europe. Another competitor of Inditex was Benetton. Its outsourced activities to subcontractors were labour-intensive and these earned it prominence in the 1980’s. In addition, it used its investment to control many production activities. Strength of Inditex In its operations, Inditex set up strategies to assist it in increasing its production and gain market for its products. Being a global specialty retailer, it widened its market scope by opening Zara and five other chains that sold accessories for men, women and children around the world. Basically, its ability to achieve this lied in the number of stores, the selling area, its employers and the division of labor among its workers. For instance, Inditex had 659,400 square meters of selling area around the world occupied by its 1,284 stores. In addition, these stores earned Inditex a huge amount of revenue of about â‚ ¬3,250 million (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). A greater percentage of that revenue came from its 515 stores located in Spain. Moreover, it employed people to work in Spain as well as in t he chain stores outside Spain. Its total number of works was 26,724 with about 78% being women. Among the total population of workers, Inditex used 8.5% of them to work in distribution, design, logistics and manufacturing while over 80% were to do sales in the retail stores (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, it organized its expenditure and operating working capital to cover the plans of opening new stores across all chains and for refurbishing and maintenance. Also, Inditex derived its strength from its structure. Its top corporate managers set out corporate and business strategies, and controlled the operations and performance of all the chain stores down to the local store level. This was to ensure that they have maintained a high standard in returns on capital employed, earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) margin and on sales growth. Additionally, performance metrics reports were monitored daily as well as being monitored personally by the CEO Castellano once a week. Moreover, Inditex had one of its six chains that was large, most internationalized and a source of most of its capital. This chain store was referred to as Zara. Zara operated 507 stores in Spain and in other countries around the world. Out of the total 659,400 square meters of working area, it occupie d 74% and earned Inditex â‚ ¬2,477 million which was about 76% of the total earnings (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Basically, Zara was the driver of the growth of Inditex through its international operations. In its operations, it had made quite tremendous achievements in terms of investments in manufacturing logistics and IT, constructing a warehouse of 130.000 square meters in Artexio close to the corporate headquarters and an advanced telecommunication system to connect production, supply and sales locations with the headquarters. Additionally, In the 1990’s Zara mandated internal development of information, merchandizing, financial, retail and logistical systems. Through Zara, Inditex was able to attract more customers’ preferences and placed with both internal and external suppliers. Compared to the 2000-4000 items produced by its key competitors like The Gap and the HM, production in Zara increased to 11,000 to several hundred thousand with variation in sizes, colo r and fabric putting consideration in time-sensitive items. Additionally, it was able to stock goods in stores within a very short time. This facilitated continuous manufacturing of new merchandise and reduced the intensity of working capital. This gave Zara and the whole of Inditex an advantage over its competitors as it could much later than its competitors commit to the bulk of its product line. This was in sharp contrast to the traditional industries that took up to three months for manufacturing and six months for cycling of new designs. Therefore, Inditex through Zara alone was able to overcome traditional retailers who restocked and designed only 0%-20% compared to Zara’s 40%-50% of the purchases of finished products from suppliers, 35% of purchase of raw material and product design and during the period when seasons started, it undertook 85% of the in-house production (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Also, Zara offered its customers garments and accessories like bags, jewelry , scarves, shoes and even cosmetics and toiletries that were fresh. The garments were of designer style and were being sold at relatively low prices. This was a strategy that drew fashion conscious customers and devout shoppers visited the chain 17 times a year compared to their competitors who only received such visitations three to four times a year. Weaknesses and challenges In its course of business, Inditex has faced a number of challenges and setbacks in Spain and in its other chains all over the world. The positioning of the company’s headquarters in Galacia posed a major problem to it in terms of communication links with the rest of the country. Even though Spain had a strong history of Galacians being tailors to aristocracy, their apparel workshops lacked a strong foundation upstream in textiles, demand, universities and technical institutes to facilitate training and specialized initiatives. Furthermore, they lacked association in the industries to underpin other ac tivities that were potentially cooperative. Also, most of the citizens of Spain depended on fishing and agriculture. As consumers they demanded low prices on goods. Inditex faced a challenge of stiff competition from its competitors like The Gap, HM and Benetton. For instance, The Gap had its production internationalized and so was competing with Inditex for international markets. It outsourced 90% of its production from the United States (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Its products like Inditex’s fresh and designer wear garments were considered to be unpretentious and fashionable in the 1980’s and 1990’s. it also had high stellar profits. These pose a great challenge to the business of Inditex as at such a time the attention of most of its customers were The Gaps products that had dominated most of the markets in and outside Spain. In addition, Hennes and Mauritz (HM) dominated most parts of the market outsourcing all of its production. Half of all its outsourced prod uction was taken to European suppliers. Due to this, HM significantly led in the market ahead of Zara for a long time. While Indited maintained its many chains style of operation, HM adopted a more focused single format approach and entering one country at a time. It had become internationalized faster than Zara by a decade and by 19190, had generated most of its sales outside Sweden, used several label in marketing its clothes and built distribution centers in each nothern Europe country it entered. Its decade of business ahead of Inditex gave it a solid foundation, popularity and dominance in some markets that would have otherwise been dominated by Inditex. Moreover, Inditex faced another competition from Benetton. It had become prominent in the 1980’s and the 1990’s. The news about its outsourced activities that were scale insensitive and labour-intensive to sub contractors that made it popular was due to its controversial advertising as a networked organization. In addition, it made heavy investments on production. Coping with managing multi-chain stores Inditex could have managed to cope with the complexity of managing multiple chain stores because it had a well established market all over the world. Its growth in terms of profit had reached â‚ ¬340. In addition, in the year 2001, it had an oversubscribed Initial Public Offering and a 50% increase in stock price (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). Also its market valuation had rose to â‚ ¬13.4 billion. Its market projections were higher in terms of expectation and growth. Additionally, Inditex was a Global apparel retailing business system with chain stores spread all over major markets in the world. Global apparel chains are normally characterized by a unique combination of high value research, marketing, sales and financial services that allow retailers, branded manufacturers, branded marketers to act as strategic brokers. These strategic brokers link market with the overseas factories. Therefo re global apparel chain becomes a prototypical example of a buyer driven global chain. The attribute displayed by the strategic brokers distinguish other labor intensive industries from the vertical structure of the commodity chain in apparel stores. Labor intensive industries such as Toys and Footwear Chain stores, are dominated by upstream manufacturers rather than down stream intermediaries. Through the brokers, Inditex could manage to link its other chain stores with the market and even the overseas factories. Besides, Inditex was able to manage other retail chain stores because of its increased concentration of apparel retailing throughout the major markets. Having multiple chain stores would increase its dominance in shaping imports in the countries that have developed. In the 1990’s half of the apparel sales in the USA were done by the top chain stores. Therefore operating multi chain stores gives Inditex the opportunity to increase its concentration everywhere and to dominate the markets by displacing other independent stores. This does not compromise the excellence of individual stores because it had been the trend in the 1990’s. This trend had helped many chain stores to increase their sales and store sizes over time. Additionally, Inditex could have managed to control multi chain stores because of the set of policies and practices promoted by quick response (QR). These sets of policies and practices coordinated the roles of the manufacturers and the retailers for the purpose of increasing flexibility and speed of responses to a shift in market trends. Through QR, Inditex was likely to be able to control all the functions of its existing chain stores or others regardless of the geographic or organizational boundaries. In addition, QR would help retailers reduce inventory risks and forecast errors by planning, placing smaller initial orders and reordering more frequently, probing the market and planning assortments closer to the selling season. It is important to note that QR offered the global apparel chain stores many advantages. For instance, it led to improvement of information technology and significant compression of cycle times. It also changed the style of women dressing. This type of business strategy would have placed Inditex in a better competitive position as a way of coping with its larger number of chain stores. Managing multi chain stores would have been easy and like the individual chain, Inditex would have maintained excellence because of the availability of market and customers. In 2000, worldwide spending on apparel or clothing reached approximately â‚ ¬900 billion. According to the estimates, Asia accounted for 23%, United States for 29% and Europe for 34% (Ghemawat Nueno, 2003). The difference in per capita spending on the population level and on clothing was reflected by the differences in market size. However, an increase in per capita income tended to lower per capita spending which was also affected by price level. Another coping strategy was that Inditex had a variety of customers who had different tastes and preferences. Therefore it was important to have more chain stores in other countries to meet the demands of their customers. For instance, more shops in Britain would ensure that the needs of people in Britain were met. These individuals sought went to stores based on social affinity. Other chains would serve the needs of those in France and Italy who were fashion forward focused on quality and variety of the apparels. Additional multi chain stores would have catered for the ever growing needs of many nations to buy apparels. The British, other than seeking stores out of social affinity, bought apparels nine times a year. The French and the Spaniards also brought clothing at different times of the year. These time differences in places and by different nations reflected the great need for additional multi chain stores. In addition, both within the regions an d between regions demands for apparel increased. In japan, teenage market segment was making most demand for apparel. Therefore, managing the operations of multi chain stores would have required Inditex to arbitrage international factor price difference, minimize tangible investments, and invest in brands. Also, there was the need to emphasize partnering. Should it start up or add more chains From the perspective of meeting the growing market demands and its ability to make more products, Inditex should add more chains. The sourcing and manufacturing levels of Inditex had over the years expanded substantially. Through the help of its headquarter personnel and its purchasing office in Hong Kong and Barcelona, Inditex through Zara outsourced finished products, fabric and other inputs from the external suppliers, manufactured 40% of the finished products internally and sourced from Europe and North Africa approximately two-thirds of the items while one-third came from Asia. Zara, by it self, had enough factories to carry out this process and it also had its own centralized distribution system. More chains are needed to cater for the growing market needs. The plans that Inditex had for the year 2002 were to increase stores for Zara with 55 to 66 new stores. These stores were to be in Spain and outside Spain. Those outside Spain were to be 80% of the total added stores. These decisions to add more stores across the world would ensure more consumers are reached since Zara had accounted for a greater selling area due to such expansions. There was a need to do more significant investments in other areas North America, South America and Asia. In addition, other areas like the Middle East were profitable and worth having stores and products for consumers. In this region, expansion efforts could be made because of the higher than expected demand that would be able to cater for operating costs and it would offer the brightest prospects for a significant and sustained growt h. Also, Inditex could have added more chains through joint ventures in areas where it was difficult to obtain licenses to open a new store. Some of the difficulties in opening more stores that Inditex competitors face were solved through joint ventures. For instance, 1998 Benetton formed a joint venture to help it secure a location and obtain multiple licenses required to open a new store. Also, inditex had formed a joint venture with Percassi, an italan group specializing infashion retail and property in the year 2001 to enable it expand its stores in Italy. Conclusion To sum up, the growth and performance of Inditex was attributed to its good management team, strategies, policies and other chain stores that were performing well in Spain and in other countries around the world. Additionally, Inditex had well established international expansion strategies, a committed workforce, a good market for its products and a well established distribution system. Also, Inditex ensured that it made progress towards implementing a social strategy that involved a dialogue with local communities, non-governmental organizations, subcontractors, suppliers and employees. Reference Ghemawat, P. Nueno, L.J. (2003). Zara: Fast fashion, Harvard Business School, pp.1-35. This report on ZARA: Fast Fashion was written and submitted by user Blaze Banks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Architecture of the Rich and Famous in Palm Springs

Architecture of the Rich and Famous in Palm Springs Mid-Century or Midcentury? Any way you spell it (and both are correct), the modern designs of world class architects from the middle part of the 20th century continue to define Palm Springs, California. Nestled in the Coachella Valley and surrounded by mountains and deserts, Palm Springs, California is only a few hours drive from the bustle and tinsel of Hollywood. As the entertainment industry enveloped the Los Angeles area during the 1900s, Palm Springs became a favorite getaway for the many starlets and socialites who were making money faster than they could spend it. Palm Springs, with its abundant year-round sunshine, became a refuge for a game of golf followed by cocktails around the swimming pool - a fast-lane lifestyle of the rich and famous. The 1947 Sinatra House, with a swimming pool shaped like a grand piano, is but one example of the architecture from this period. Architectural Styles in Palm Springs The building boom in the United States after World War II enticed LA architects to Palm Springs - architects go where the money is. Modernism had taken hold throughout Europe and already immigrated to the US. Southern California architects adapted ideas from the Bauhaus movement and the International Style, creating an elegant yet informal style that is often called Desert Modernism. As you explore Palm Springs, look for these important styles: Desert ModernismArt ModerneSpanish EclecticGoogieTiki Fast Facts: Palm Springs Every year Modernism Week celebrates the many mid-century modern houses in Palm Springs, located about 100 miles (2 hours) east of Los Angeles, California.Original settlers were Cahuilla Native Americans, called Agua Caliente or hot water by Spanish explorers.California became the 31st state in 1850. U.S. surveyors first described the area of palm trees and mineral springs as Palm Springs in 1853. John Guthrie McCallum (1826-1897) and his family were the first white settlers in 1884.The Southern Pacific Railroad completed an East/West line in 1877 - the railroad owned every other square mile surrounding the tracks, creating a checkerboard of property ownership seen today.Palm Springs became a health resort, its mineral springs a sanitorium for the treatment of tuberculosis.Palm Springs was incorporated in 1938. Singer/celebrity Sonny Bono was the 16th Mayor of Palm Springs from 1988 to 1992.As early as 1919, Palm Springs was used as a ready-made set for many Hollywood silent movies. It quickly became a playland for people in the movie industry, because of its proximity to LA. Even today Palm Springs is known as The Playground of the Stars. Architects of Palm Springs Modernism Palm Springs, California is a virtual museum of Mid-Century Modern architecture with possibly the worlds largest and best-preserved examples of elegant homes and landmark buildings constructed during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Here is a sampling of what youll find when visiting Palm Springs: Alexander Homes: Working with several architects, the George Alexander Construction Company built more than 2,500 homes in Palm Springs and established a modernist approach to housing that was imitated throughout the United States. Learn about Alexander Homes. William Cody (1916-1978): No, not Buffalo Bill Cody, but the Ohio-born architect William Francis Cody, FAIA, who designed many homes, hotels, and commercial projects in Palm Springs, Phoenix, San Diego, Palo Alto, and Havana. Check out the 1947 Del Marcos Hotel, the 1952 Perlberg, and the 1968 St. Theresa Catholic Church. Albert Frey (1903-1998): Swiss architect Albert Frey worked for Le Corbusier before moving to the United States and becoming a Palm Springs resident. The futuristic buildings he designed launched the movement that became known as Desert Modernism. Some of his must-see buildings include these: 1949-1963 (with Robson Chambers): Tramway Valley Station1957 (with John Porter Clark, Robson Chambers, and E. Stewart Williams): Palm Springs City Hall1963: Frey House II1963-1965 (with Robson Chambers): Tramway Gas Station, now the Palm Springs Visitors Center John Lautner (1911s of his work in Palm Springs include: 1968: The Arthur Elrod House1979: The Bob and Delores Hope House Richard Neutra (1892-1970): Born and educated in Europe, Austrian Bauhaus architect Richard Neutra placed dramatic glass and steel homes in rugged California desert landscapes. Neutras most famous home in Palm Springs are these: 1937: Grace Lewis Miller House, the winter home of the St. Louis socialite1946: Kaufmann House, the same Kaufmanns who commissioned Frank Lloyd Wright in 1935 to build Fallingwater in Pennsylvania Donald Wexler (1926-2015): Architect Donald Wexler worked for Richard Neutra in Los Angeles, and then for William Cody in Palm Springs. He partnered with Richard Harrison before establishing his own firm. Wexler designs includes: 1961-1962: Steel Development Houses constructed by the Alexander Construction Company1961-1962: The Royal Hawaiian Estates, tiki style condominium complex in Palm Springs1965: Palm Springs Airport Original Terminal Building Paul Williams (1894-1980): Los Angeles architect Paul Revere Williams designed more than 2000 homes in southern California. He also designed: 1937: International Style clubhouse for the Tennis Club on Baristo Road, Palm Springs1954: Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz home E. Stewart Williams (1909-2005): The son of Ohio architect Harry Williams, E. Stewart Williams built some of Palm Springs most significant buildings during a long and prolific career. Must-see: 1947: House for Frank Sinatra1954: The Edris House1960: Coachella Valley Savings and Loan (now Washington Mutual)1963: Tramway Upper Station1976: Palm Springs Desert Museum (now the Palm Springs Art Museum) Lloyd Wright (1890-1978): Son of the famous American architect Frank Lloyd Wright, Lloyd Wright was trained in landscape design by the Olmsted brothers and worked with his famous father developing the concrete textile block buildings in Los Angeles. Lloyd Wrights projects in and near Palm Springs include: 1923: Oasis Hotel, a distinctive Art Deco building with a 40-foot tower. Desert Modernism Near Palm Springs: Sunnylands, 1966, in Rancho Mirage, by architect A. Quincy Jones (1913-1979) Travel to Palm Springs for the Architecture As the center of Mid-Century Modernism, Palm Springs, California hosts many architecture conferences, tours, and other events. Most famous is Modernism Week held in February each year.   Several beautifully restored hotels in Palm Springs, California recreate the experience of mid-twentieth century living, complete with reproduction fabrics and furnishings by major designers of the period. The Chase HotelStudio rooms that recreate the 1950s.The Orbit InTwo sister inns, the Orbit In and the Hideaway, with a retro flair.RendezvousNostalgic 1950s theme rooms and gourmet breakfasts. Hotel History and DetailsLHorizon HotelDesigned by William Cody in 1952. Hotel History and DetailsThe Movie Colony HotelDesigned by Albert Frey in 1935. Hotel History and DetailsThe Monkey Tree HotelA 16-room restored boutique hotel designed in 1960 by Albert Frey. Sources History, City of Palm Springs, CA

Pathophosiology of sepsis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Pathophosiology of sepsis - Essay Example Thus, it is relevant to take control over body temperature, heartbeat and other indicators of a potential threat of sepsis. A presence of two of the following four factors can indicate sepsis: Nowadays the scientists are persuaded by the fact that inflammatory response of septic patients is the result of either immuno-stimulation or immune-suppression. Such kind of cells, as neutrophils remains activated, though other changes in cells can be accelerated in a negative way (Sibbald, Neviere, 2000). Consequently, it is relevant to look for effective means of sepsis treatment. Metabolic changes are present, though they require a scrutinized and detailed monitoring. From this perspective, medical literature outlines that there is no a single mediator/system/pathway/pathogen, triggering the pathophysiology of sepsis. Sepsis is a vicious disease, because it cannot be properly controlled and it is really hard to regulate it or sustain a process of medical treatment of it. The most challenging aspect of the disease is that there is a direct interaction between the cells and infection is transferred from one cell to another. Organ injury is essential and patients suffer much from e xcessive skin inury, immunosuppression and anergy. Moreover, sepsis can lead to the multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS) (Sibbald, Neviere, 2000). Therefore, it is relevant to take control over inflammatory processes, when different tissues are subjected to

ADS 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ADS 5 - Essay Example The visual effects included in the advert undeniably play a huge role in attracting the target audience. This is in light of the fact that it engages the audience, thereby making them experience what the reality can provide (Dan, 2015). The color schemes similarly help convey the level of sophistication that comes with the Audi brand. Interpersonal factors such as family for example, are likely to influence the perception held by the consumers. As those with larger families will have preference for vehicles with substantial space, while those without families may opt for smaller cars. Ads for adidas (www.adidas.com) capture the attitude and lifestyle of its target market: athletic young people around the world who define themselves by their athletic achievements. This series of ads, placed at intervals throughout the Boston Marathon, was intended to simultaneously motivate runners as they hit certain points in their progress as well as reinforce key values shared by all athletes, which adidas hopes to embody. In as much as the Adidas advert majorly targets active athletes, it similarly targets those who actively take part in other sporting activities such as basketball, rugby and football among others. The key behavior of those targeted by the advert is their preference for comfortable and high quality clothing and other sporting apparels. At the same time, the audience targeted is achievers under the VALS platform The visual effects incorporated within the advert have made the target audience not only feel appreciated, but valued by Adidas. At the same time, the target audience has been able to hold adidas products in high regard, as the visuals have made them feel part of the operations and dynamics at Adidas Corporation. The environment within which the audience operates is likely to influence their perception of the products (Venkateson, 2014). The audiences who operate under extremely cold environments are likely to opt for products that help them

Educational psychology Essay Example for Free

Educational psychology Essay â€Å"Education† is a broad term that can have many meanings, but it is generally defined as the process of learning and acquiring information. Formal learning in a school or university is one of the most common types, though self-teaching and so-called â€Å"life experiences† can also qualify. Communities around the world place a high value on educating people of all ages, whether formally or informally. It is widely believed that constant exposure to new ideas and skills makes people better workers, thinkers, and societal contributors. Formal Schooling. Most people associate education with schools and classrooms where trained teachers present information to students. Classroom learning generally starts when a child is relatively young — around age five in most countries — and continues until the teenage years. The purpose of most classroom learning is not to prepare a child for a specific job, but rather to help him or her develop critical reasoning and thinking skills. Reading, writing, and math are very common lessons for young learners. As students progress in their schooling, they often come into contact with more challenging subjects like written composition, history, and advanced sciences. Educational Structures Around the World. Different countries place different emphases on education, though some form of schooling is mandatory for young children almost everywhere. Requirements are usually based on the belief that an educated population is best suited for advancement, both internally and internationally. In most places, childhood schooling is offered free of charge; university training is also underwritten with government funds in some places. The Importance of Assessment Exposing students to new ideas and essential facts is only part of most educational goals. Students are also expected to retain most if not all of the information that they learn in school. Teachers and professors commonly use exams and graded assignments to assess learning. Standardized tests are one of the most popular ways of driving curricula and lesson planning throughout the world. These sorts of tests help make sure that all students are learning the same basic things, no matter who their teacher is or where  they attend school. Sometimes, laws also have a role to play, like the United States’ No Child Left Behind Act. This act creates a way to measure how much each child is learning across different school systems to ensure that all children receive a minimum level of knowledge. Advanced University Training Many people choose to extend their formal education beyond what is required by pursuing university studies. Students typically have a wide range of choices when it comes to subject area and degree options, and most schools offer programs at varying levels. Those who are very passionate about a particular topic often choose to study it intently at the graduate level; others who hope to enter certain specialized professions may also seek out more nuanced educational opportunities, such as law school or medical school. Life Experiences and Informal Learning. While book learning is very important, it is not the only form of education. Some individuals are self-taught, which means that they pursue knowledge on their own outside of a formal classroom. Many of these people may have read extensively or may have become experts within a given field. Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, for example, was a college dropout. Most of what he learned he taught himself. A range of â€Å"life skills† — things like self sufficiency, independence, and discipline — also frequently come within the broader umbrella of education. Cultural adaptation and the skills needed to engage in society can also be thought of as educational. In most cases, any time a person acquires a new skill or learns to act in a new way, he has been educated in some form or another.

clay Beats Liston: February 25, 1964 :: essays research papers fc

"Clay Beats Liston: February 25, 1964" From the accounts of various Kentucky newspapers, I was able to learn a few facts about Cassius Clay, later known as Muhammad Ali, as well as the attitudes of his fellow Kentuckians. The first thing I noticed in all the newspapers that I viewed was that almost all the articles written about the fight were written by writers from either the Associated Press (AP) or United Press International (UPI). This displayed three things about the Kentucky press, first the belief that Clay's fight was not important enough to cover themselves, secondly that the newspapers probably did not make enough money to send their own reporters down to Miami Beach, and finally the localization of the newspapers' audiences. Another aspect of the fight is the effect it had on Kentucky society, especially the sports scene. I primarily noticed that almost all the papers used reports from the Associated Press and the United Press International, even the (Louisville) Courier-Journal, one of Clay's hometown newspapers, used reports from the Associated Press. The only articles that were not written by a member of the Associated Press were the very rare editorials written about the fight. The use of reports from the AP and the UPI shows that most newspapers did not think the fight was very newsworthy. Only one newspaper published an article that was not written by a member of the Associated Press or the United Press International, however that one article was an editorial about Cassius Clay's new found wealth and not the actual fight. The lack of coverage also proves that even though blacks were supposed to be equal to whites, that in reality achievements by blacks and whites were treated differently. None of the newspapers that I read displayed a large picture or headline proclaiming that Cassius Clay was the new heavyweight champion of the world. Most newspapers had an average sized headline stating that Clay was the new champion, but none had an article about him on the front page. This further illustrates that achievements by blacks were believed to be less important than the achievements of whites. I saw almost the same amount of articles on high school basketball, as I did on the fight. Although I am not surprised by the fact that high school basketball received almost a page of coverage, I am alarmed by the fact that this one page of coverage on basketball was the same amount of coverage for the boxing match. The stories by Associated Press and United Press International illustrate two more facts about Kentucky during the 1960's, primarily that most of

International Business Essay

In present time and age globalisation has gained much more importance then what it had about thirty years ago. No doubt globalisation started ever since human being existed on this planet, but it is observed that in this era geographical boundaries has a very little part to play, when it comes to trade, culture, travelling and communication. Effects of this integration of different economies will have its outcomes and many of them can be seen already. In most countries however due to Globalization one can see the growing concern regarding employment and income distribution (Lee & Vivarelli 2006, p. 168). Based on qualative and quantative analysis this paper would come with the conclusion to suggest wether globalisation is beneficial for everybody or the complete opposite. Globalisation means increasing flows of trade, finance and factors of production across the border, with the help of faster transportation and effective communications set up. It is globalisation which is compeletly responsible for making this world a global village. With globalisation, international bonds develop not just amongst specific groups of countries but across a wide global network in which factors of production or finished goods can move freely. The second era of globalisation that we are now living has come as a outcome of a numerous factors, not only because of of internet (which has allowed the speedy flows of massive volumes of information) but also because of intense changes in institutional environments. The economic ideas of the 1970s promoted moves towards financial liberalisation and deregulation within a large number of OECD countries during the 1980s and 1990s, the policy approaches of the Bretton Woods institutions were also modified with the Washington Consensus being built upon the promotion of economic severity, privatisation and liberalisation Stiglitz and Gualerzi (cited in Baddeley 2006, p 392). Furthermore, Baddeley claims that this deregulation has made the movement of capital and factors of production across national boundaries, contributing to the globalisation process In most countries, however, the current wave of â€Å"globalization† has been accompanied by increasing concern about its impact in terms of employment and income distribution (Lee & Vivarelli 2006). Evidence has been provided from group studies to explain that globalisation does promotes growth by Dreher (cited in Baddeley 2006, p 393). However, it has been argued that the benefits do not essentially help to alleviate poverty. Krugman and Venables( cited in (cited in Baddeley 2006, p 393) emphasize that globalisation has the potential to benefit less-developed nations but at the start globalisation will worsen world inequality but then it will reduce it down. For example—as transport costs fall below a threshold, developing nations suffer real income declines. Falling transport costs allow core nations to exploit greater economies of scale in manufacturing to the loss of manufacturing sectors in developing economies. Labour demand will fall in peripheral nations and rise in core nations as a consequence. Milanovic (cited in Baddeley 2006, p. 394) completely discards the view of globalisation as something that would benefit any economy, he also provides evidence that, since 1870, globalisation has worsen international inequality with particularly prominent increases in inequality during the 1978–1998 globalisation era. He argues that the blow on less developed countries have been severe which means per capita GDP has not increased in Africa and a number of less developed countries are in a financial crisis and many transition economies are facing extraordinary levels of debt. The point worth mentioning here is that globalisation has increased the level of business activity all around the world but to be honest for many developing countries this is of very little use rather it is to the their detriment. Now when the host country provides its labour and resources, it is just like other economies eating away host countries resources. Plus all the profits are gone somewhere else. And the story does not end here, on the other side developing countries have always been forcing all the countries to reduce the amount of tariff and import duties and talking about how good free trade is. Now the rich countries enjoy economies of scale therefore the imported goods in some poor countries are cheaper than their own home base industry products. This discourages the economy of developing countries and does not allow it to become self sufficient. (Kaplinsky 2001, p. 60) When we look at the labour market outcomes, (Wood 1998, p. 1463) explains that there have been gaps between skilled and unskilled labour both in terms of wages and in terms of unemployment rates and claims that globalisation is the most likely cause for this rising inequality. Feenstra 1998, p. 37) adds outsourcing into the reasearch to prove that the outcomes of globalisation on employment and wages will be comparable to the outcomes of skills-biased technological innovation. Which means demand for skilled labour in less developed countries will rise but the demand for unskilled labour will fall contributing to wage inequality. Even though globalisation has encouraged factor price equalisation, it has been at the expense of lower incomes for low-skilled workers. (Williamson 1997, p. 5) explains that factor-price convergence in the earlier stages of globalisation improved conditions for unskilled workers in Europe but made the situation worse for poor unskilled workers in the new global village. As per the concept of comparative advantage, trade and FDI both should take advantage of the cheap and readily available amount of labour in developing countries and so generate a movement of specialization in domestic labour intensive Activities and, ultimately, an expansion in local employment (Lee & Vivarelli 2006, p. 170) On the contrary Heckscher-Ohlin recent research leads to the conclusion that the employment impact of increasing trade is not necessarily positive for a developing country. In a developing country, the final employment impact of increasing trade depends on the interaction between productivity growth and output growth both in traded-goods sectors and in non-traded sectors. The final outcome cannot be assessed for different reasons. On the one hand, export may involve demand-led economic and employment growth, but – on the other hand – imports may displace previously protected domestic firms, inducing labour redundancy. Moreover, in the presence of supply constraints (lack of infrastructure, scarcity of skilled labour, under-investment, labour market inefficiencies), productivity growth may exceed output growth even in the exporting sectors, to the detriment of job creation Fosu and Reddy (Lee & Vivarelli 2006, p. 171). Finally, lucky sectors of the domestic economy e. g. agriculture, public administration, construction, non-traded services may act as labour sinks, often implying hidden unemployment and underemployment in the informal labour market . Shifting the center of attention from trade to FDI inflows, when a developing country opens its borders to foreign capital, FDIs generate positive employment effects directly and indirectly through job creation by suppliers and retailers. They also produce a tertiary employment effect by generating extra incomes and in that way increasing total demand (Sanjaya 2004, p. 91). By comparing the labour intensities of exported, imported and non-traded goods, it is sorted out that in 21 out of 39 sampled developing country which is an increase in the level of trade resulted in an increase in employment. In the remaining group of 18 countries, however, increased integration in the global economy produced a reduction in employment which is the opposite of (Heckscher-Ohlin theorem). In reality inequality comes from a bunch of other sources: corruption, the overextended power of states, technological change, demographic change and diseases, the spread of AIDS in Africa etc. Globalisation, engagement with the wider changes in the world, is as crucial for the less developed countries as it is for the more developed ones. No country which has cut itself off from the wider world has prospered. Take a look at North Korea or Burma to see what happens to a country which tries to simply isolate itself from the world economy. Future is not in regionalism or dull protectionism. That does not mean you should simply accept free trade. Industries should only be opened up to markets when certain favourable conditions prevail. Nonetheless, you do need to tackle with the wider global economy. â€Å"The main challenge for poorer countries is to find what circumstances of that engagement are† (Giddens 2000) People on both sides of this debate have been very swift to draw conclusions about the Impacts of â€Å"globalization† from their measured poverty numbers. The title of a book published recently by the International Forum of Globalization asks: â€Å"Does globalization help the poor? † and the book confidently answers the question with a big â€Å"no. † The back cover of Bhalla (2002) asks: â€Å"Who has gained from globalization? † and answers with equal confidence: the poor. However, readers of neither book will become any wiser about the answer to these questions than when they started. Actually neither book contains the sort of analysis that would be needed to convincingly allow acknowledgment of the claimed changes in poverty and inequality to â€Å"globalization. † I am not given any evidence that would allow me to identify the role played by greater openness to external trade in the distributional changes observed, against other factors such as rising agricultural productivity, demographic factors, changes in the distribution and returns to education and internal policy reforms (Ravallion, p. 15). Globalisation is like a fire, a form of force which is bad if not controlled but useful if channelled responsibly.